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Visceral Nervous System The Autonomic nervous system is also known as the visceral nervous system. It refers to that part of the nervous system which has homeostasis under its control. Homeostasis is the continued functioning of the "milieu intérieur" (milieu intérieur is the tissue content in nutrients, ions, and gasses). The functions of the respiratory, cardiovascular and digestive systems are controlled. The other functions that the ANS controls are salivation, perspiration, urine discharge, and erection. ANS has many involuntary functions. However bear in mind that breathing can be to an extent controlled with consciousness. Breathing specifically among the land vertebrates does more to the body than oxygenate the blood. You need to be able to breathe to smell your food or a perfume, to blow up a balloon to whistle or to sing. This shows that the Autonomic nervous system is actually not autonomous. It is linked to the other parts of the nervous system both anatomically and functionally and a precise differentiation is not possible. However the ANS is a classical term that the medical and scientific community still uses. One of the best ways to define it could be: innervation of the viscera through the motor and sensory neurons. Reflex arcs are formed by these neurons and they travel through the lower brainstem or medulla oblongata. This helps explain how a person can live a vegetative life even when the Central Nervous System (CNS) is damaged. There is a fair regulation of the digestive, respiratory, and cardiovascular functions. For more terms click here. |
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